This module is a combination low-pass, high-pass, band-pass
and notch-pass filter. The filter is capable of providing a wide variety
of formant shaping and tonal modulation. The band-pass response is
that of a natural acoustic resonator, and is most useful in synthesizing
instrument timbres.
The center frequency of the band-pass output is the cutoff frequency of
the high-pass and low-pass outputs and is referred to as Fc. Fc is
determined by the sum of the external control signals and the front panel
"Coarse" and "Fine" adjustments. The response to the
unattenuated control signals is 1 volt per octave. Fc is variable from
16Hz to 16KHz.
With the "Resonance (Q)" knob at minimum, the band-pass
output has a gain of 0.5 at Fc and attenuates 6dB per octave above and
below Fc. The high-pass and low-pass outputs attenuate at 12dB per octave
beyond the cutoff frequency. The notch output has a flat response
everywere except for a deep 40dB notch. The notch frequency can be
moved two octave to either side of Fc.
As the "Resonance (Q)" control is turned up or an external
control voltage applied to the "Q" inputs, a resonant peak
occurs in all outputs except the notch. The bandwidth of this peak is
equal to Fc/Q. Thus as the Q is varied from its minimum of 1/2 to its
maximum of 512 the bandwidth varies from 2 octaves to 1/32 of a semitone.
The "Keyboard Percussion" feature permits the filter to be
used as a tone source or resonator. By applying a keyboard trigger pulse
to the audio input, decaying sinusoids are produced at the band-pass,
high-pass and low-pass outputs.
(The module
however, is prone to overloading, hence the inclusion of a helpful
indicator lamp!)